Nov 01, 2016 if i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory. The development of countries is vulnerable to the impact of multiple factors. In contrast, dependency theory maintains that capitalistic practices have actively. Modernization theory vs dependency theory 1227 words 5 pages. How to compare and contrast the modernization theory and the. The theory looks at the internal factors of a country while assuming that, with assistance, traditional countries can be brought to development in the same manner more developed countries have.
Modernization and dependency theory tutorial sophia learning. Fostercarter argues that this disguises the similarities that exist between ldcs and the west. In this video, i look at some of the causes of global economic inequality. Modernization and dependency theories are two attempts to explain the current state of underdevelopment in the world today. The dependency theory is expanded from the theory of uses and gratification.
How does the modernization theory and dependency theory. In international political economy, there are competing theoretical perspectives regarding the question of global inequalities and the northsouth divide. In such a way, unlike modernization theory, dependency theory does not view the choice in favor of western way of development as the panacea from all problems or as a conscious choice that is really supported by the population and elite of developing countries but such westernization of developing countries is viewed as a violent interference. Pdf compare and contrast dependency and modernisation. The theory is not homogeneousnumerous proponents disagreed on several key features. Documents in econstor may be saved and copied for your personal. Theories of modernization and dependency ppt xpowerpoint. Dependency theory was created as a way to criticize and respond to modernization theory.
Basically, modernization theory became the foundation stone of this evolutionary prescription for development. Modernization theory the third world countries have experienced massive variation in the economic development since after the end of second world war. Pdf compare and contrast dependency and modernisation theories. But dependency theory, then in contrast, comes along about the same time. Dependency theory vs modernization theory essay 22 words. Modernization and dependency theory essay example graduateway. The political economy of africa and dependency theory.
Dependency theory highlights that due to colonial and postcolonial endeavors the countries at the periphery are constantly exploited by those at the core. Modernization theory is the process of transforming from a traditional or underdeveloped society to a modern western societies way of life. At the same time, the development of different countries has multiple theoretical explanations. Modernization theory v dependency theory flashcards quizlet. Dependency theory today 72 miguel angel centeno 10. Media dependency theory is one of the theories, first of its kind which regards audience as an active part in communication process.
The political economy of africa and dependency theory 67 patrick bond 9. Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a periphery of poor and underdeveloped states to a core of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former. The dependency theory was not solely against the american modernization programs, but it was also echo to the failure of orthodox marxism in latin america. Modernization and dependency theory essay writing blog. According to this theory, there is an internal link between media, audience and large social system.
When it comes to a solution to the problem, it is right to say that the contexts of countries are different and the solutions for their economic and development problems should be different. Both have their own sets of costs and benefits as well as they do policy approaches. Modernization theory explains the processes involved in. Naturally, this fact determined the principal difference between these theories, but, nevertheless, there are still certain similarities between. Nov 12, 2019 dependency theory a new group of theorists challenged the logic and claims of modernization theory, drawing especially on the experience of latin america. But before we go further, we must compare the two in attempt to see if either would compromise our governments mandate. Dependency theory has been criticised because it overemphasised the barriers for development in developing countries. The dependency theory claims that this is how underdevelopment was created and is. The theory gained support in the 1970s following the dominance of modernization theory in the two decades previous and was largely studied by academics from developing nations, emerging first in latinamerica. Dependency theorists sharply critique the modernisation school.
Dependency theory is a kind of developmental theory, which is a major critique of modernisation theory. If they just apply the laws of modernization, the tenets of modernization, they will take off in the economic society. Modernization theory both attempts to identify the social variables that contribute to social progress and development of societies and seeks to explain the process of social evolution. Nov 23, 2016 in international political economy, there are competing theoretical perspectives regarding the question of global inequalities and the northsouth divide. In this regard, it is possible to distinguish the modernization and dependency theories. The earliest formulation of dependency theory came up alongside modernisation theory. Modernization theory vs dependency theory while many theorists have numerous explanations towards underdevelopment, experts like david brooks and peter hallward have described the natural disaster in haiti to be brutally destructive primarily due to its poverty.
Andres gunderfrank fernando henrique cardoso raul prebisch. Difference between modernization theory and dependency theory. Modernization theory vs dependency theory the path to modernization is one never clearly defined. The proponents of modernization theory claimed that underdeveloped countries were held back by certain cultural characteristics, or their lack of adherence to. Modernization theory maintains that there is a traditional element of society that prevents development, and that a relationship to the developed world is necessary for development.
Modernization theory is a grand theory encompassing many different disciplines as it seeks to explain how society progresses, what variables affect that progress, and how societies can react to that progress. These five steps are classifications of societies that show the natural progression they go through to reach modernization. Aug 31, 2015 modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified. Modernization theory stresses not only the process of change but also the responses to that change. Apr 17, 20 modernization theory is a theory used to explain the process of modernization within societies. Modernization and dependency theories flashcards quizlet. Modernization theory is also a development theory that emerged before the dependency theory. Modernization theory economic development human progress leads to greater political participation democracy. Modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified. Modernization theory studies the process of social evolution and the development of. But in broad outline, the theory focused on deficiencies. Beyond latin america chapter iii a theory of underdevelopment in sociology.
First, the dependency theory is a characterization of the international system as comprising of a dominant and a dependent state, where the dominant states are the industrialized nations belonging to the oecd organization for economic cooperation and development, and the dependent states are the states of latin america, africa, and asia. Stated another way, marxist theories explain the reasons why imperialism occurs, while dependency theories explain the consequences of imperialism. Within this tradition of thought, evolutionary theory and twentieth. Not surprisingly, this theorys views sharply challenge modernization theorys assumptions packenham, 1992. Worldsystems theory, dependency theory and global inequality. Modernization theory focuses specifically on a type of modernization thought to. Dependency theory and modernization theory dependency theory is a mixture of various theories, including world systems theory, historical structure theory, and neomarxist theory. Difference between modernization theory and dependency. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial bengal. It then attempts to determine which theory explains what is going wrong in developing countries. Development, dependency, modernization, social change, gunder frank, the third world, developing countries, capitalism, imperialism, worldsystems. The endogenous explanation is a modernization theory. I highlighted what i think are key points modernization theory is used to explain the p. First of all, it should be said that dependency theory was developed in response to modernization theory out of sheer criticism of the latter theory by the supporters of dependency theory.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. In this sense, the dependency theory can be viewed as a reaction to modernization theory. The basic assumption of this theory, in any of its versions, is that there is one gen. Seeing the state of development or underdevelopment in latin america 1 and africa 2, i argue that dependency is created by a dominant country on these so called underdeveloped countries by creating a. Displaying theories of modernization and dependency powerpoint presentations unit six. Includes bibliographical references pages 5145 and index rereading modernization and dependency theory tradition and gender in modernization theory from modernization theory to the soft state in africa gender and the world bank. Modernization consists of a gradual differentiation and specialization of social structures. While the explanations of underdevelopment differed, experts such as brooks and hallward viewed the natural disaster in haiti to be so destructive mainly due to its poverty. Jul 08, 2017 modernization, modernization theory a term and approach that came into widespread use in the early 1960s, as a consequence of the efforts by a group of development specialists in the united states to develop an alternative to the marxist account of social development. The more things change, the more they stay the same 79 ian taylor 11. According to their point of view these latin american countries should have to go through bourgeois stage of industrial revolution. This theory involves the globalization well talk about the pros and cons of globalization later, where concept and technologies, as well as the ideas and social mores are easily spread around the globe, causing a global culture that functions as a.
To put it more precisely, the modernization theory holds the premise that countries have different level of development but less developed countries can improve their position through modernization. The proponents of modernization theory claimed that. This was a problem of modernization theory, which has been harshly criticized by dependency theorists, and certainly one could view. These are the sources and citations used to research modernisation vs dependency theory. In such a way, the dependency theory is externallyoriented, whereas the modernization theory is internallyoriented. This term is used to indicate countries that are less economically developed than the united.
Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial. Modernization theory is a theory used to explain the process of modernization within societies. Ldc policy modernization theory and dependency theory. The frankian model of dependency dependency theory. It is a central contention of dependency theory that poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched by the way poor states are integrated into the world system. Modernization and dependency theory nowadays the rapid development of the word and the growing integration of countries can hardly fail to affect the development of new theories which attempt to explain the relationship between countries and the existing inequality between developed countries and countries of the third world. Dependency theory wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. The basic assumption of this theory, in any of its versions, is that there is one general end page 157 process of which democratization is but the final stage. I dont know when this theory was founded, but from my internet research ive got to know that it was the age of enlightenment when the fundamentals of this concept raised by a few philosophers who started to think about how their society transformed, and how they changed and progressed. Postwarboom ushegemony growththeory, modernization structural functionalism decolonization thirdworld neomarxism dependency nationalism, nam,g77 1980s globalization neoliberalism, structuraladjustment financeand monetarism corporatecapital 1990s riseofasia,big capabilities, humandevelopment emerging developmental economies,bric state. The structural explanation for global stratification is called dependency theory. Modernization theory is subject to criticism originating among socialist and freemarket ideologies, worldsystems theorists, globalization theorists and dependency theorists among others. This bibliography was generated on cite this for me on monday, april 24, 2017. Dependency theory is alive in different guises 86 matias vernengo 12.
So division of social science, hong kong university of science and technology, clear water bay, hong kong keywords. The following report will attempt to analyze and critique our nations potential options concerning social and fiscal policy and use this information in an attempt to recommend future policy agenda. Essay on dependency theory vs modernization theory. A common term used in the news and social media today is the developing world. Does worldsystems theory and dependency theory offer answers, or are more nuanced. There are two levels of analysis in classical modernization theory. Two conflicting theories have guided social scientists in the 20th century in answering the question. The theory looks at the internal factors of a country while assuming that, with assistance, traditional countries can be brought to development in the. The people who follow this are considered dependency theorist. The basic assumption of this phase was that people could change. Nowadays, the modernization theory studies how new innovations and technologies are resulting in a homogenized world. I pulled out the below from wiki, to show briefly, what these two essentially say. Essay on dependency theory vs modernization theory 8.
One of these competing theoretical perspectives is dependency theory, which emerged in the 1950s in response to modernization theory matunhu 2011, p. Modernization theory involves five steps, as stated by one of the most influential american modernization theorist ever, in our course reader, w. The international dependency theory is a theory of development economics which states that economic relations between wealthy and poor nations are strictly detrimental to the lessdeveloped nations. Dependency theory originates with two papers published in 1949 one by hans singer, one by raul prebisch in which the authors observe that the terms of trade for underdeveloped countries relative to the developed countries had deteriorated over time. By diminishing the level of poverty in countries such as haiti, it is possible to make.
The dependency theory is an important tool for understanding latin americas relative underdevelopment. Currently, modernization and dependency theories are the two worldwide accepted speculations illuminating the diversification in the economic growth of these countries. Dependency theory and chinese special economic zones in africa 93 honita. In this respect, it is possible to refer to modernization theory. The aim of this essay is to compare and contrast the modernization and dependency theories. Dependency theory a new group of theorists challenged the logic and claims of modernization theory, drawing especially on the. Modernization or dependency 72 95 modernization theory and underdevelopment dependency theory and underdevelopment dependency in a specific historical context. Modernization and dependency theory 1563 words 7 pages. Modernization theory and the comparative study of societies.
Modernization and its discontents 1 the crisis in modernization theory 5 towards a sociology of knowledge 11 2. For example, modernisation theory sees ldcs as backward societies that need our help to develop, whilst dependency theory sees us as exploiting them for cheap labour and raw materials. The marxist theory of imperialism explains dominant state expansion while the dependency theory explains underdevelopment. How to compare and contrast the modernization theory and. If i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory. The dependency and worldsystems perspectives on development alvin y. Comparison of dependency theory with modernization theory.
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